Crushing-rolls



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

J. M. CASE. GRUSHING ROLLS.

No. 419,498. Patentd Jan. 14, 1890.

2 Sheets- Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

J. M; CASE. GRUSHING ROLLS. No. 419,498. Patented Jan. 14,1890.

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UNITED STATES.

PATE T OFFICE.

JOHN M. CASE, OF COLUMBUS, OHIO.

CRUSHlNG-ROLLS.

SPECIFICATION- forming part of Letters Patent No.' 419,498, datedJanuary 14, 1890. Application filed February 13, 1889. Serial No.299,757. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, J OHN'M. CASE, a citizen of the United States,residing at Columbus, in the county of Franklin and State of Ohio, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Crushing-Rolls, of whichthe following is a specification.

My invention relates to rolls adapted for use as the first break-rollsin a roller-mill, and

more especially to the particular construction of one roll-the slowroll-in a machine where the first break is accomplished by a fast and aslow roll moving in opposite directions that is, having their contiguousfaces moving in the same direction, but at different speeds.

In thereduction of wheat to flour on the roller system the aim is toproduce as great a quantity of middlings as possible, after which themiddlings are purified and are in condition for further reduction into ahigh grade of flour.

The objects of my invention, therefore, are to increase the quantity ofmiddlings produced, to enable a greater amount of work to be done on thefirst break, and to produce a less proportion of fibrous material andless abrasion of the bran. To accomplish this, I construct a roll with aspecial dress adapted to hold the grain in position while the other rollperforms the work. This roll provided with my new dress is made to runmuch more slowly than the opposite roll, so that it forms, as it were, ashoe for holding the grain, while the fast roll performs the work ofreduction. It consists of an ordinary roll provided with peculiarridges. These ridges are made at intervals-that is, with intermediatespaces and the spaces in between the ridges correspond substantially tothe plane circumference of the roll. The ridges form a lock orstopping-point, as it were, to hold the berry of wheat within the spaceswhile the fast roll performs the work.

In order that my invention may be more fully understood, I will proceedto describe it with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which-Figure I is a transverse sectional view of a pair of rolls, one of whichis of the ordinary kind and the other of which is constructed ac cordingto my invention. Fig. II is a sec- .tional View of the contiguous facesof two rolls with modified dress. FigIII shows further modifications ofmy improved dress. Fig. IV is a plan view of a pair of rolls.

A represents my improved roll, having a dress formed with longitudinalridges or proj ections a and spaces 0, conforming to the surface of theroll, and B represents the roll of ordinary construction, having ridgesb, which is used in connection with my improved roll. The ridges b maybe of any form-such as rounded, square, or curved, (saw-tooth;) but theform I prefer, as producing the best result, is that shown in thedrawings-the curved ridges (saw-tooth)inasmuch as I find that this isbest adapted to treat the berry with the objective results hereinbeforeenumerated.

I do not confine myself to any particular form or any special number ofridges. The ridges may be made square or rounded, or in any desiredform, so long as the principle is adhered to of having intermediateberryspaces in which the berry may lodge while the other roll operatesupon it and produces the middlings. These ridges are preferably made toproject radially from the surface of the roll, and are formed withlongitudinal grooves a. The surface d of the roll and the ridges a formthe berry-spaces c.

I find in practice that the action of this roll, in combination with thefast-running roll, is to hold the berry in such a manner that the brannypart is drawn backward within the blank spaces, while the starchy andglutinous part of the berry is turned outward by the action of thefast-running roll. This causes the .action of the fast-runnin g roll,which performs the entire work, to operate almost exclusively upon theinside of the berry, wherebya small percentage of branny fiber is rubbedoff from the bran. By this means I get a whiter and purer flour from thebreaks than heretofore. It will also be seen that the intermediatespaces between the ridges form cavities for holding middlings, so thatthey do not become crushed while being reduced, and thus, being left ina solid condition, they do not disintegrate or fall topieces while beingoperated upon by the purifier; consequently a more perfect purificationis obtained with a less amount of waste in the dust-room. In this dressit is aimed that as much work should be done on the first main break aspossible, since in practice it is found that on this first break thefast r011 operates almost exclusively against the inside of the berry,and the more work we can perform while the wheat is in that conditionthe better will be the general results. Consequently in the use of thisdress I ordinarily break down on the first main break as low as weordinarily reach after passing three successive breaks where this rollis notused. Consequently I am enabled to very greatly reduce the expenseand number of breaks, and at the same time produce a very much betterproduct.

Having thus described my invention and the manner in which the same isto be put into use, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by LettersPatent, is-

The combination, with a fast working-roll B, having ridges b, of theslow holding-roll A, having a dress provided with plain surface (Z andridges a at intervals,'formin g berry-spaces c for the lodgment of theberry while the ridges of the working-roll operate thereon,substantially as described and shown.

JOHN M. CASE. Witnesses:

Oo'rAvIUs KNIGHT, H. S. KNIGHT.

